⬛ Texto (Questões 83–86)
Managing globalization: if it’s here to stay, what do we know?
Daniel Altman
Two decades have passed since the word “globalization” started showing up with any frequency in discussions of business and economics.
At first, the focus was on Western companies trying to compete with cheaper, sometimes better imports from Japan, South Korea, China and other countries.
It was a straight fight: the battle lines were drawn along each country’s borders.
Later on, things became more complex. Asian companies started designing and assembling products in the West. Western companies opened up new fronts by sending jobs abroad — not just in manufacturing but in service industries as well.
At the turn of the millennium, there was a lot of talk about whether globalization was a Good Thing or a Bad Thing.
One side argued that it allowed big, multinational __________ to exploit workers in poor countries to pad their profit margins.
The other side retorted that the expansion of these corporations into the developing world offered the best hope for raising living standards.
One side complained that globalization was creating and destroying industries too quickly for the labor force to adjust.
The other side answered that these shifts were rapidly improving the world’s ability to use its resources efficiently.
Now, it’s pretty clear that globalization, be it good or bad, is an Unavoidable Thing.
🔗 Adapted from Sharma, Pete. Reading the News, Thomson ELT, 2007.
🟨 QUESTÃO 85.
Choose the alternative that completes the text.
(A) companies
(B) stores
(C) workers
(D) markets
Gabarito: 🄰
🧭 1️⃣ Leitura orientada
A lacuna aparece na expressão “big, multinational ___”, que exige um substantivo coerente com o campo semântico de economia global.
📝 2️⃣ Análise técnica das alternativas
(A) ✅ companies
Correta. A expressão
“big, multinational companies”
é consagrada no vocabulário econômico
e se encaixa perfeitamente no argumento do texto.
(B) ❌ stores
Incorreta. Stores refere-se a lojas físicas,
o que não condiz com o debate sobre globalização
e exploração em escala internacional.
🚩 Pegadinha: substantivo concreto fora do contexto macroeconômico.
(C) ❌ workers
Incorreta. O texto afirma que
as corporações exploram workers,
logo eles não podem ocupar a posição de agente da exploração.
🚩 Pegadinha: inversão de papéis semânticos.
(D) ❌ markets
Incorreta. Markets não “exploit workers”,
pois não são agentes humanos ou institucionais.
🚩 Pegadinha: abstração usada como sujeito inadequado.
⚠️ 3️⃣ Armadilhas clássicas da banca
• Uso de palavras do mesmo campo semântico, mas com função errada
• Inversão de agente e paciente da ação
• Escolha de substantivo abstrato como sujeito de ação concreta
🧠 4️⃣ Resumo B3GE™ Master
✔ Expressão fixa: multinational companies
✔ São elas que exploram trabalhadores, segundo o texto
✔ Demais opções quebram a lógica semântica
🔎 Gabarito confirmado: (A)